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r/valueinvestingr/valueinvesting· u/Swred1100· 3 天前Discussion 15

AI 交易 - 长期观点

投资者摘要看多

作者认为AI芯片交易估值过高,预测长期赢家将是微软、谷歌和Meta等垂直整合的科技巨头。

看多要点
  • 长期的AI受益者将是那些活跃在多个层级的公司,这使它们能够获取收入并降低成本。
  • 垂直整合的科技巨头最有可能最大化利润率,并在长期主导AI生态系统。
看空要点
  • 当前的AI交易过度集中在芯片和硬件等短期受益者上,而这些领域正接近业务表现的顶峰。
  • 庞大的基础设施建设是不可持续的,最终将会放缓,从而限制纯硬件股票的长期增长。
MSFTGOOGMETAAMZNNVDAAMDMUVRTAI 资本开支半导体
帖子正文
高质量模型翻译结果

简要总结:当前的AI投资热潮已经失衡,人们只关注短期赢家,却忽视了长期受益者。

这是我个人的看法,请指出我逻辑或假设中可能存在的漏洞。

AI行业共有五个层级,从底层到顶层依次为:

当人们提到“AI泡沫”时,他们通常指的是前两层——芯片和硬件,这些领域近期涨幅巨大,但它们只是AI浪潮中最短期的受益者。随着当前大规模建设的推进,这些公司无论在股价还是业务层面都获得了最大收益。尽管在很多情况下它们依然是优质投资标的,但未来一两年很可能就是它们纯业务表现的顶峰。问题不在于“是否”会停止疯狂的建设计划,而在于“何时”会停止。虽然这些公司的最低门槛因持续的升级和维护支出而永久提高,但当前的增长轨迹不可能持久或长期持续。

从长期来看,接下来三个层级中的公司最有可能获得最大回报,尤其是那些涉足多个层级的公司——比如 $GOOG$MSFT$META。每多参与一个层级,公司就可能实现收入增长或成本降低。以 $MSFT 为例。

通过其 Maia 芯片,他们能减少建设计划的开支,因为无需为芯片设计支付溢价。更长远来看(类似于 $GOOG$AMZN),他们很可能也会开始销售自己的芯片,从而在第一层获取收入。

接着是云服务与基础设施,二者相辅相成。每一次提示、每一次后续操作都需要计算资源。$MSFT 在此环节中获取收入;而当他们自己的模型逐步推出后,其云服务成本也将下降,因为他们不再需要为此付费。

第三层是模型层。这很直观——即被用于提示、操作、工作流等场景的模型。每个提示都会产生成本,最终流向云服务和基础设施层面。目前,$MSFT 在 Copilot 中“租用”来自 Open AI、Anthropic 等公司的模型。虽然他们仍能从 Copilot 的订阅中获利,但利润率低于拥有自有模型的情况——而他们正致力于开发自己的模型。

最后是应用/终端用户层。对某些人来说,这只是大语言模型的订阅服务;对另一些人来说,则是利用大语言模型完成任务的各类软件。每一次使用都会经过模型/大语言模型、云计算,再到基础设施。对于 $MSFT 来说,这包括 Copilot 以及由此衍生的工作流。最终,这些流程将通过他们自己的模型和云计算完成。

从长期看,最能从AI中获益的公司是处于第3至第5层的企业。公司涉足的层级越多,其收益就越被放大,因为它们要么在每一层都能获得收入,要么在每一层都能降低成本,或者两者兼有。

综上所述,我认为长期最大的赢家(在已知公司中,当然未来也一定会有新公司崛起并大放异彩)将是那些同时布局云服务、模型和终端应用的公司。这些公司包括 $MSFT$GOOG,以及(由于其云服务为私有化,程度稍弱一些的)$META

讨论 · 高赞评论15 条精选
u/Top_Category_2526 23· 3 天前

I believe Microsoft is turning into a cult in this sub, every 5 minutes someone is gonna post about Microsoft

Not mad about it

u/rhoadsalive 3· 3 天前

Microsoft shall awake from it's downtrend!

u/Top_Category_2526 1· 3 天前

100%

u/Swred1100 3· 3 天前

This wasn’t made to highlight MSFT, just my thought on the long term ai benefactors. MSFT just so happens to be one of them

u/Top_Category_2526 2· 3 天前

its all good

u/Sufficient-Flan1565 13· 3 天前

I hope MSFT drops under 300. Just sayin to trigger this sub 😂

u/daddybeatsmehelp 5· 3 天前

More microsoft copium. For fucks sake just sell the bags and shut up already. There's real opportunity cost to holding. Know when to cut losers and let your capital work for you.

u/Swred1100 5· 3 天前

This isn’t a MSFT post, it’s a post on long term AI winners, of which MSFT happens to be one.

If I were to sell everything an buy something else as you say - what would you have me buy? NVDA, MU, SNDK? None of those are 10+ year olds at these valuations - maybe NVDA

u/EconomicsOk3346 4· 3 天前

microwho?

u/WorldRank1CatFancier 3· 3 天前

anyone who invests in MSFT for their AI software has never used MSFT ai software. enjoy burning your capital

u/Swred1100 2· 3 天前

MSFT’s “ai software” is just chat gpt and Claude within a business’s ecosystem. You can say it sucks, but that’s a proxy way of saying Claude/chat gpt sucks.

It also does interact with office, files, etc.

u/WorldRank1CatFancier 1· 2 天前

from what I understand, Claude is actually functional with office unlike MS CoPilot

u/Yee4614 1· 2 天前

I don’t get meta over amazon.

LLMs drive demand — hyperscalers fund LLMs — hyperscalers sell the cloud space.

The hyperscalers can now leverage this to massive growth in a high margin sector with clear demand.

This is a lot more compelling than Meta’s approach since Amazon has a clear monetization strategy while Meta’s can work and might be better but it is less direct

u/Swred1100 1· 2 天前

Meta has been utilizing AI for years and has already generated tons of income from it. They’re one of the few major companies that have actually already been benefiting from AI.

As Jensen Huang said “nobody uses AI better than Meta”

u/Yee4614 1· 2 天前

I agree.  Meta is better than anyone at using AI.  We see this with its ad revenue but the bulk of meta’s capex is to build an AI infrastructure.

There are signs of this working with 1B Llama downloads and deep integration.  So this is partly driving the 13.5B revenue growth.

However, 13.5B needs to be consistently growing at high rates which is a harder sell (at least to me) than cloud.  Cloud grew at 8.26 and we expect it to grow to 10B next quarter.  We can see a direct connection between capex spend to growth as anthropic is desperate for more cloud.

So, I guess my question is Google, Microsoft and Amazon are all doing the same thing why would amazon be excluded when they are the cloud king and the best friend of the top model?